BRA: A Bidirectional Routing Abstraction for Asymmetric Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Abstract:
Wireless links are often asymmetric due to heterogeneity in the transmission power of devices, non-uniform environmental noise, and other signal propagation phenomenon’s. Unfortunately, routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks typically work well only in bidirectional networks. This paper first presents a simulation study quantifying the impact of asymmetric links on network connectivity and routing performance. It then presents a framework called BRA that provides a bidirectional abstraction of the asymmetric network to routing protocols. BRA works by maintaining multi-hop reverse routes for unidirectional links and provides three new abilities: improved connectivity by taking advantage of the unidirectional links, reverse route forwarding of control packets to enable off-the-shelf routing protocols, and detection packet loss on unidirectional links. Extensive simulations of AODV layered on BRA show that packet delivery increases substantially (two-fold in some instances) in asymmetric networks compared to regular AODV, which only routes on bidirectional links. Index Terms—Ad hoc network, asymmetry, routing, unidirectional
Existing System:-
• Unidirectional links have short (one to three hop) paths connecting them in the reverse direction.
• Unidirectional links with short reverse paths significantly increases the stability of the routes and leads to better connectivity overall, without significant overhead.
Proposed System:-
• BRA takes the approach of discovering and maintaining reverse paths for unidirectional links.
• It improves connectivity between nodes by finding new or better routes through unidirectional links.
• Provides reverse-route forwarding for unidirectional links, which makes them appear as bidirectional links.
Hardware Specification:
PROCESSOR : PENTIUM IV 2.6 GHz
RAM : 512 MB DD RAM
MONITOR : 15” COLOR
HARD DISK : 20 GB
Software Specification:
Front End : Java, Swing
Tools Used : JFrameBuilder
Operating System : WindowsXP
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